What is a primary disadvantage of sliding bearings compared to rolling bearings?

The primary disadvantage of sliding bearings when compared to rolling bearings is indeed the higher friction and wear associated with their operation. Sliding bearings, also known as plain bearings, utilize a sliding motion between the bearing surface and the shaft, which inherently generates more friction than the rolling motion found in rolling bearings, like ball or roller bearings. This increased friction leads to greater wear over time, necessitating more frequent maintenance or replacement.

The wear and tear caused by this friction can also result in heat generation, which can further exacerbate the wear process, potentially shortening the lifespan of the bearing and impacting overall machinery efficiency. Due to the nature of sliding bearings requiring a lubricating film to reduce this friction, any failure in lubrication can lead to a rapid increase in wear and a risk of bearing seizure. Hence, this characteristic of sliding bearings makes them less preferable for applications where low friction and durability are paramount.